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Android Espresso Revealed PDF 涓嬭澆

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Chapter Overview

Chapter 1: Getting Started with Espresso for Android

This chapter describes the basics of Espresso. It defines goals and approaches of user

interface testing and provides examples for setting up tests inside the Android Studio

IDE project. It also explains how to identify Android application UI elements, perform

actions and assertions, and apply matchers to them. At the end of this chapter, you will

be able to write simple tests and execute them from inside the Android Studio IDE on the

device or emulator. It also includes examples for how to run tests using Gradle or shell

commands.

Chapter 2: Customizing Espresso for Our Needs

With more advanced examples, you will learn how to implement a custom ViewAction,

including clicks and swiping actions; and a ViewMatcher, such as matching complex

views as RecyclerView matchers. You will learn how to use custom actions and

matchers, implement a custom FailureHandler with the possibility to take and save

screenshots upon failure.

Chapter 3: Writing Espresso Tests with Kotlin

This chapter gives an overview of the benefits of using the Kotlin programming language

in tests and explains how to migrate tests written in Java to Kotlin. It also provides an

example of creating an Espresso domain specific language in Kotlin.

Introduction

xv

Chapter 4: Handling Network Operations and

Asynchronous Actions

This chapter explains how to handle application network requests and long-lasting

operations during test execution with the help of the IdlingResource interface. It

provides an example of using ConditionalWatcher as an alternative to IdlingResource.

Chapter 5: Verifying and Stubbing Intents with

IntentMatchers

This chapter explains using IntentMatchers inside an application as well as how to stub

external intents and provide extras. A good example of an external intent is selecting an

image from the photo gallery, which then can be used by the application you’re testing.

Chapter 6: Testing Web Views

This chapter covers testing WebViews inside an application. Implemented WebViews

showcase different UI elements that the Espresso-Web API is able to operate on. You will

be provided an Espresso-Web cheat sheet as part of the book’s content.

Chapter 7: Accessibility Testing

This chapter unleashes the topic of how to test application accessibility using Espresso

for Android. It raises awareness about the importance of accessibility testing and

provides an overview of manual tools that can be used to test application accessibility.

Chapter 8: Espresso and UI Automator:

The Perfect Tandem

This chapter explains one of the most powerful test automation setups for Android,

which combines the Espresso test framework with the UI Automator testing tool.

Examples show how to test notifications or operate on third-party apps during Espresso

tests execution.

Introduction

xvi

Chapter 9: Dealing with Runtime System Actions and

Permissions

This chapter explains different ways that you can deal with system actions like

permission request dialogs and describes possible solutions for changing the Android

emulator system language programmatically.

Chapter 10: Android Test Automation Tooling

After reading this chapter, you will understand how to use the Espresso test recorder,

set up a test device or emulator to minimize test flakiness, and run tests in the Firebase

cloud.

Chapter 11: Screen Object Design Pattern in

Android UI Tests

This chapter shows you how to apply the screen object (the same as page object)

architecture approach to the test project, which allows you to reduce the maintenance

effort spent on reworking tests after changes in the application’s source code.

Chapter 12: Testing the Robot Pattern with Espresso

and Kotlin

In this chapter, you learn how to apply a testing robot pattern that splits the test

implementation from the business logic to the Espresso UI tests.

Chapter 13: Supervised Monkey Tests with Espresso

and UI Automator

This chapter shows how to implement supervised pseudo-monkey tests using Espresso

and UI Automator, which can be applicable to applications whose source code you have

access to as well as to third-party applications.

Introduction

xvii

Chapter 14: AndroidX Test Library

This chapter demonstrates how to migrate test code from Android support to the

AndroidX Test library. You will find information about new APIs introduced in the

AndroidX Test library and see how they can be applied to UI tests.

Chapter 15: Improving Productivity and Testing Unusual

Components

This chapter contains code samples that were not covered in the other chapters and

Espresso testing tips that may increase your daily test writing productivity. This includes

creating parameterized tests, aggregating tests into test suites, using AndroidStudio

Live templates in UI tests, setting SeekBar progress in Espresso UI tests, and Espresso

Drawable matchers topics.

What This Book Doesn’t Cover

The goal of the book is to create a guide for how to write end-to-end UI automated tests

for Android applications without mocking or stubbing application dependencies. From

my point of view, this is the closest way to reproduce end user behavior. The book does

not explain how to mock application data and network connection requests or bypass

some states in the application workflow.

Tools Requirements

To be able to work with this book, you need to have at least a basic knowledge in working

with such tools and platforms as Android Studio IDE, Gradle, GitHub, and shell/bash. In

most cases, I explain how to configure your IDE and note which commands should be

used to run the specific scripts.

Legal Notice

This book contains code, documentation, and images taken from the Android

developers page at https://developer.android.com. They are covered by the Apache

2.0 License (http://www.apache.org/licenses/) mentioned in Appendix C.

Introduction

CHAPTER 1

Getting Started with

Espresso for Android

Espresso for Android is a lightweight, fast, and customizable Android testing framework,

designed to provide concise and reliable automated UI tests. At the end of October

2013, Espresso was open sourced by Google after it was announced at the Google Test

Automation Conference. From that moment it has been gaining popularity across

Android software and test engineers. Now it is the most popular testing framework for

the Android platform because its features and development are driven by Google and

the Android Open Source community.

This chapter describes Espresso’s basics—the core components of the Espresso

testing framework that are used in test automation to replicate the end user behavior.

This includes locating application UI elements on the screen and operating on them.

Espresso includes the following packages:

• espresso-core—Contains core and basic view matchers, actions,

and assertions.

• espresso-contrib—External contributions that contain DatePicker,

RecyclerView, and Drawer actions, accessibility checks, and the

CountingIdlingResource. • espresso-intents—Extensions to validate and stub intents for

hermetic testing.

• espresso-idling-resource—Espresso’s mechanism for

synchronizing background jobs.

• espresso-remote—Location of Espresso’s multi-process functionality.

• espresso-web—Contains resources for WebView support.

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Android Espresso Revealed PDF 涓嬭澆

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